Elasmobranchs express separate cholecystokinin and gastrin genes
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Elasmobranchs express separate cholecystokinin and gastrin genes.
The peptide hormone gastrin was long believed to be specific for higher vertebrates, whereas its homologue, cholecystokinin (CCK), has been assumed to represent the original ancestor of the CCK/gastrin family. To trace the divergence of the CCK/gastrin family beyond birds, reptiles, and amphibians we have now examined sharks. Distinct CCK and gastrin peptides were identified in two shark specie...
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Cholecystokinin and gastrin receptors (CCK1R and CCK2R) are G protein-coupled receptors that have been the subject of intensive research in the last 10 years with corresponding advances in the understanding of their functioning and physiology. In this review, we first describe general properties of the receptors, such as the different signaling pathways used to exert short- and long-term effect...
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Gastrins occur in the hypothalamo-hypophyseal neurons of all mammalian species examined. In addition, human, bovine, and murine hypothalamo-hypophyseal neurons contain the homologous cholecystokinins (CCKs). CCK also occurs in neurons innervating bovine melanotrophs. Although the concentration of gastrin is of the same magnitude (15-30 pmol/g) in all neural lobes, the concentration of CCK varie...
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From the $Division of Gastroenterology and GRASP Digestive Disease Center, New England Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 0211 I, the TDepartment of Cell Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77035, the 11 Renal Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, and the §Depa...
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SYNOPSIS. The intestinal hormone, cholecystokinin (CCK), and the stomach hormone, gastrin, form a simple two member family of peptides with much to offer students of hormone and receptor evolution. They share a common carboxyl-terminal tetrapeptide sequence, which is the bioactive site of each peptide and is also antigenic, making heterologous biological and immunological assays feasible. Curre...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
سال: 1997
ISSN: 0027-8424,1091-6490
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.94.19.10221